[BUG] Bundled PMD 7.25.0 cannot load custom rulesets referencing PMD 7.26.0 rules — one unresolvable ref disables the whole ruleset

从 @salesforce/code-analyzer-pmd-engine 0.43.0 及其 dist/java-lib/ 中的 PMD jar 开始，然后跟踪捆绑依赖项和自定义规则集的加载路径。使用提供的 my-rules.xml、code-analyzer.yml 和 sf code-analyzer 命令重现问题。完成标准是受支持的 PMD 版本为当前版本，并且无法解析的规则会报告捆绑版本，同时不会静默掩盖另一个请求的行为。

Description

A custom PMD ruleset that references a standard rule added in PMD 7.26.0 (for example category/apex/errorprone.xml/InvocableClassNoArgConstructor, added 2026-06-29) cannot be loaded by Code Analyzer, because the plugin's bundled PMD engine is still 7.25.0 — and one unresolvable rule reference fails the load of the entire ruleset, so every other rule in the file silently stops running too.

There is currently no way for a user to fix this on their side: the PMD jars ship inside @salesforce/code-analyzer-pmd-engine (dist/java-lib/pmd-apex-7.25.0.jar in engine 0.43.0, the latest) and there is no supported way to point the pmd engine at newer jars.

Steps To Reproduce

(Prerequisites: Salesforce CLI and Java, the standard Code Analyzer requirements. Steps verified end-to-end in an empty directory.)

1. sf plugins install code-analyzer (installs code-analyzer 5.14.0, the current latest, which resolves @salesforce/[email protected]).
2. In an empty directory, create src/Sample.cls:

public class Sample {
    public static void log() {
        System.debug('hello');
    }
}

3. Create my-rules.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<ruleset name="Repro"
         xmlns="http://pmd.sourceforge.net/ruleset/2.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://pmd.sourceforge.net/ruleset/2.0.0 https://pmd.sourceforge.io/ruleset_2_0_0.xsd">
   <description>One rule from PMD 7.26.0 plus one custom XPath rule.</description>
   <rule ref="category/apex/errorprone.xml/InvocableClassNoArgConstructor"/>
   <rule name="MyOtherRule" language="apex" message="demo"
         class="net.sourceforge.pmd.lang.rule.xpath.XPathRule">
      <description>demo</description>
      <priority>3</priority>
      <properties>
         <property name="xpath"><value>//MethodCallExpression[lower-case(@FullMethodName) = 'system.debug']</value></property>
      </properties>
   </rule>
</ruleset>

4. Create code-analyzer.yml:

engines:
  pmd:
    custom_rulesets:
      - my-rules.xml

5. sf code-analyzer run --workspace src --rule-selector pmd --config-file code-analyzer.yml

Expected Behavior

Either the reference resolves (bundled PMD current with the PMD release line), or at minimum the loadable rules still run and the failure clearly names the unresolvable rule and the bundled PMD version.

Actual Behavior

The pmd engine fails entirely; zero rules from the ruleset execute:

Error: Code Analyzer:
    Failed to get rules from engine with name 'pmd' due to the following error:
    PMD errored when attempting to load a custom ruleset "my-rules.xml".
    Make sure the resource is a valid ruleset file on disk or on the Java classpath.

    PMD Exception:
      | Cannot load ruleset my-rules.xml: PMD threw an unexpected exception:
      | Error at my-rules.xml:7:4
      |   <rule ref="category/apex/errorprone.xml/InvocableClassNoArgConstructor"/>
      |    ^^^^^ Unable to find referenced rule InvocableClassNoArgConstructor;
      | perhaps the rule name is misspelled?

The run then reports 1 Critical severity violation(s) found across 0 files, which downstream tooling can misread as a code finding.

Control (shows the rest of the ruleset is valid): delete the single <rule ref="category/..."/> line from my-rules.xml and re-run step 5 — the scan now succeeds and pmd:MyOtherRule correctly flags Sample.cls:3. One unresolvable reference is the only difference between "everything runs" and "nothing runs".

Requests

1. Bump the bundled PMD in @salesforce/code-analyzer-pmd-engine to the current PMD release line (7.26.0 shipped 2026-06-29; the all-or-nothing ruleset load is PMD's own semantics, so currency of the bundle is what decides whether a ruleset referencing new standard rules is usable at all).
2. Improve the diagnostic: when a custom ruleset fails to load over an unresolvable rule reference, state the bundled PMD version in the message (for example "bundled PMD is 7.25.0; InvocableClassNoArgConstructor requires 7.26.0+") so users don't debug a "misspelled rule name" that is actually a version gap. (Companion request for the underlying message on the PMD side: pmd/pmd#6865.)
3. (Nice to have) A documented way to supply or override the PMD version the engine uses.

Workaround

Remove standard-category rule references from custom rulesets (inline the XPath equivalents or run the standalone PMD CLI >= 7.26.0 separately).

Environment

• code-analyzer plugin 5.14.0 (latest), @salesforce/code-analyzer-pmd-engine 0.43.0 (latest)
• Bundled jars: pmd-apex-7.25.0.jar, pmd-core-7.25.0.jar (in dist/java-lib/)
• Standalone PMD for comparison: 7.26.0 (2026-06-29)
• macOS 15 / Node 22