Ambiguities with Base

使用 Test.detect_ambiguities(ChainRulesCore, Base) 重现报告，然后检查 differential_arithmetic.jl、differentials/thunks.jl、differentials/abstract_zero.jl、differentials/notimplemented.jl 和 projection.jl 中列出的定义。确定 16 对方法中哪些需要采取措施；当报告的歧义已有一致同意的解决方案时，即视为完成。

julia> Test.detect_ambiguities(ChainRulesCore, Base)
16-element Vector{Tuple{Method, Method}}:
 (*(s, comp::Tangent) in ChainRulesCore at /home/jishnu/.julia/packages/ChainRulesCore/Voykb/src/differential_arithmetic.jl:168, *(comp::Tangent, s) in ChainRulesCore at /home/jishnu/.julia/packages/ChainRulesCore/Voykb/src/differential_arithmetic.jl:169)
 (==(a, b::AbstractThunk) in ChainRulesCore at /home/jishnu/.julia/packages/ChainRulesCore/Voykb/src/differentials/thunks.jl:27, ==(::Missing, ::Any) in Base at missing.jl:75)
 (-(a::AbstractThunk, b) in ChainRulesCore at /home/jishnu/.julia/packages/ChainRulesCore/Voykb/src/differentials/thunks.jl:30, -(a, b::AbstractThunk) in ChainRulesCore at /home/jishnu/.julia/packages/ChainRulesCore/Voykb/src/differentials/thunks.jl:31)
 (/(z::AbstractZero, ::Any) in ChainRulesCore at /home/jishnu/.julia/packages/ChainRulesCore/Voykb/src/differentials/abstract_zero.jl:25, /(a, b::AbstractThunk) in ChainRulesCore at /home/jishnu/.julia/packages/ChainRulesCore/Voykb/src/differentials/thunks.jl:33)
 (ger!(alpha, x::AbstractThunk, y, A) in ChainRulesCore at /home/jishnu/.julia/packages/ChainRulesCore/Voykb/src/differentials/thunks.jl:100, ger!(alpha, x, y::AbstractThunk, A) in ChainRulesCore at /home/jishnu/.julia/packages/ChainRulesCore/Voykb/src/differentials/thunks.jl:103)
 (/(::Any, x::ChainRulesCore.NotImplemented) in ChainRulesCore at /home/jishnu/.julia/packages/ChainRulesCore/Voykb/src/differentials/notimplemented.jl:43, /(a::AbstractThunk, b) in ChainRulesCore at /home/jishnu/.julia/packages/ChainRulesCore/Voykb/src/differentials/thunks.jl:32)
 ((::ProjectTo{T, D} where D<:NamedTuple)(dx::AbstractZero) where T in ChainRulesCore at /home/jishnu/.julia/packages/ChainRulesCore/Voykb/src/projection.jl:127, (::ProjectTo{NoTangent, D} where D<:NamedTuple)(dx) in ChainRulesCore at /home/jishnu/.julia/packages/ChainRulesCore/Voykb/src/projection.jl:135)
 (==(a::AbstractThunk, b) in ChainRulesCore at /home/jishnu/.julia/packages/ChainRulesCore/Voykb/src/differentials/thunks.jl:26, ==(::Any, ::Missing) in Base at missing.jl:76)
 (/(z::AbstractZero, ::Any) in ChainRulesCore at /home/jishnu/.julia/packages/ChainRulesCore/Voykb/src/differentials/abstract_zero.jl:25, /(::Any, x::ChainRulesCore.NotImplemented) in ChainRulesCore at /home/jishnu/.julia/packages/ChainRulesCore/Voykb/src/differentials/notimplemented.jl:43)
 (==(a, b::AbstractThunk) in ChainRulesCore at /home/jishnu/.julia/packages/ChainRulesCore/Voykb/src/differentials/thunks.jl:27, ==(w::WeakRef, v) in Base at gcutils.jl:4)
 (==(a::AbstractThunk, b) in ChainRulesCore at /home/jishnu/.julia/packages/ChainRulesCore/Voykb/src/differentials/thunks.jl:26, ==(w, v::WeakRef) in Base at gcutils.jl:5)
 (/(a::AbstractThunk, b) in ChainRulesCore at /home/jishnu/.julia/packages/ChainRulesCore/Voykb/src/differentials/thunks.jl:32, /(a, b::AbstractThunk) in ChainRulesCore at /home/jishnu/.julia/packages/ChainRulesCore/Voykb/src/differentials/thunks.jl:33)
 ((::ProjectTo{T, D} where D<:NamedTuple)(dx::ChainRulesCore.NotImplemented) where T in ChainRulesCore at /home/jishnu/.julia/packages/ChainRulesCore/Voykb/src/projection.jl:128, (::ProjectTo{NoTangent, D} where D<:NamedTuple)(dx) in ChainRulesCore at /home/jishnu/.julia/packages/ChainRulesCore/Voykb/src/projection.jl:135)
 ((project::ProjectTo{T, D} where D<:NamedTuple)(dx::Tangent) where T in ChainRulesCore at /home/jishnu/.julia/packages/ChainRulesCore/Voykb/src/projection.jl:75, (::ProjectTo{NoTangent, D} where D<:NamedTuple)(dx) in ChainRulesCore at /home/jishnu/.julia/packages/ChainRulesCore/Voykb/src/projection.jl:135)
 (/(x::ChainRulesCore.NotImplemented, ::Any) in ChainRulesCore at /home/jishnu/.julia/packages/ChainRulesCore/Voykb/src/differentials/notimplemented.jl:42, /(a, b::AbstractThunk) in ChainRulesCore at /home/jishnu/.julia/packages/ChainRulesCore/Voykb/src/differentials/thunks.jl:33)
 ((project::ProjectTo)(dx::Thunk) in ChainRulesCore at /home/jishnu/.julia/packages/ChainRulesCore/Voykb/src/projection.jl:131, (::ProjectTo{NoTangent, D} where D<:NamedTuple)(dx) in ChainRulesCore at /home/jishnu/.julia/packages/ChainRulesCore/Voykb/src/projection.jl:135)