Crash upon startup (Step 5)

使用列出的 Android emulator 和 Firebase Emulator 版本复现启动崩溃，然后从 com.firebase.ui.auth.util.GoogleApiUtils.getCredentialsClient 以及报告中的 AuthViewModelBase 和 KickoffActivity 堆栈帧开始排查。检查应用的依赖配置，查找缺失的 CredentialsOptions$Builder 类。应用能够在没有 NoClassDefFoundError 的情况下启动即表示完成。

Step 1: Describe your environment

• Android device: Nexus 10 (AVD)
• Android OS version: 10 (API 29)
• Firebase Emulator version: 13.3.1
• Android Studio version: Android Studio Hedgehog | 2023.1.1 Patch 2
  Build #AI-231.9392.1.2311.11330709, built on January 18, 2024
  Runtime version: 17.0.7+0-b2043.56-10550314 amd64
  VM: OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM by JetBrains s.r.o.
  Windows 11.0
  GC: G1 Young Generation, G1 Old Generation
  Memory: 4096M
  Cores: 16
  Registry:
  external.system.auto.import.disabled=true
  debugger.watches.in.variables=false
  ide.text.editor.with.preview.show.floating.toolbar=false

Step 2: Describe the problem: Upon startup, the app displays a white screen and then promptly crashes.

Steps to reproduce:

1. Start firebase emulators
2. Run app in android studio emulator
3. App crashes withing 2 seconds with no user input

Observed Results:

• What happened? This could be a description, logcat output, etc.
• Main logcat error appears to be: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: Didn't find class "com.google.android.gms.auth.api.credentials.CredentialsOptions$Builder"
• Here is the full logcat:
• 2024-02-26 21:22:25.099 3858-3858 xample.fireeat com...gle.firebase.example.fireeats I Late-enabling -Xcheck:jni
  2024-02-26 21:22:25.110 3858-3858 xample.fireeat com...gle.firebase.example.fireeats E Unknown bits set in runtime_flags: 0x8000
  2024-02-26 21:22:25.110 3858-3858 xample.fireeat com...gle.firebase.example.fireeats W Unexpected CPU variant for X86 using defaults: x86
  2024-02-26 21:22:25.547 3858-3858 MultiDex com...gle.firebase.example.fireeats I VM with version 2.1.0 has multidex support
  2024-02-26 21:22:25.547 3858-3858 MultiDex com...gle.firebase.example.fireeats I Installing application
  2024-02-26 21:22:25.547 3858-3858 MultiDex com...gle.firebase.example.fireeats I VM has multidex support, MultiDex support library is disabled.
  2024-02-26 21:22:25.617 3858-3858 FirebaseApp com...gle.firebase.example.fireeats I Device unlocked: initializing all Firebase APIs for app [DEFAULT]
  2024-02-26 21:22:25.628 3858-3858 FirebaseInitProvider com...gle.firebase.example.fireeats I FirebaseApp initialization successful
  2024-02-26 21:22:25.749 3858-3902 libEGL com...gle.firebase.example.fireeats D Emulator has host GPU support, qemu.gles is set to 1.
  2024-02-26 21:22:25.750 3858-3902 libc com...gle.firebase.example.fireeats W Unable to set property "qemu.gles" to "1": connection failed; errno=13 (Permission denied)
  2024-02-26 21:22:25.735 3858-3858 RenderThread com...gle.firebase.example.fireeats W type=1400 audit(0.0:403419): avc: denied { write } for name="property_service" dev="tmpfs" ino=7845 scontext=u:r:untrusted_app:s0:c149,c256,c512,c768 tcontext=u:object_r:property_socket:s0 tclass=sock_file permissive=0 app=com.google.firebase.example.fireeats
  2024-02-26 21:22:25.770 3858-3902 libEGL com...gle.firebase.example.fireeats D loaded /vendor/lib/egl/libEGL_emulation.so
  2024-02-26 21:22:25.774 3858-3902 libEGL com...gle.firebase.example.fireeats D loaded /vendor/lib/egl/libGLESv1_CM_emulation.so
  2024-02-26 21:22:25.778 3858-3902 libEGL com...gle.firebase.example.fireeats D loaded /vendor/lib/egl/libGLESv2_emulation.so
  2024-02-26 21:22:25.833 3858-3858 AppCompatDelegate com...gle.firebase.example.fireeats D Checking for metadata for AppLocalesMetadataHolderService : Service not found
  2024-02-26 21:22:25.899 3858-3858 xample.fireeat com...gle.firebase.example.fireeats W Accessing hidden method Landroid/view/View;->computeFitSystemWindows(Landroid/graphics/Rect;Landroid/graphics/Rect;)Z (greylist, reflection, allowed)
  2024-02-26 21:22:25.899 3858-3858 xample.fireeat com...gle.firebase.example.fireeats W Accessing hidden method Landroid/view/ViewGroup;->makeOptionalFitsSystemWindows()V (greylist, reflection, allowed)
  2024-02-26 21:22:26.299 3858-3858 Choreographer com...gle.firebase.example.fireeats I Skipped 33 frames! The application may be doing too much work on its main thread.
  2024-02-26 21:22:26.321 3858-3900 HostConnection com...gle.firebase.example.fireeats D HostConnection::get() New Host Connection established 0xd9c562d0, tid 3900
  2024-02-26 21:22:26.322 3858-3900 HostConnection com...gle.firebase.example.fireeats D HostComposition ext ANDROID_EMU_CHECKSUM_HELPER_v1 ANDROID_EMU_dma_v1 ANDROID_EMU_direct_mem ANDROID_EMU_host_composition_v1 ANDROID_EMU_host_composition_v2 ANDROID_EMU_vulkan ANDROID_EMU_deferred_vulkan_commands ANDROID_EMU_vulkan_null_optional_strings ANDROID_EMU_vulkan_create_resources_with_requirements ANDROID_EMU_YUV_Cache ANDROID_EMU_vulkan_ignored_handles ANDROID_EMU_vulkan_free_memory_sync ANDROID_EMU_vulkan_shader_float16_int8 ANDROID_EMU_vulkan_async_queue_submit ANDROID_EMU_sync_buffer_data GL_OES_vertex_array_object GL_KHR_texture_compression_astc_ldr ANDROID_EMU_host_side_tracing ANDROID_EMU_gles_max_version_2
  2024-02-26 21:22:26.327 3858-3900 OpenGLRenderer com...gle.firebase.example.fireeats W Failed to choose config with EGL_SWAP_BEHAVIOR_PRESERVED, retrying without...
  2024-02-26 21:22:26.333 3858-3858 RecyclerView com...gle.firebase.example.fireeats W No adapter attached; skipping layout
  2024-02-26 21:22:26.351 3858-3900 EGL_emulation com...gle.firebase.example.fireeats D eglCreateContext: 0xd9c1a1e0: maj 2 min 0 rcv 2
  2024-02-26 21:22:26.385 3858-3900 EGL_emulation com...gle.firebase.example.fireeats D eglMakeCurrent: 0xd9c1a1e0: ver 2 0 (tinfo 0xd9c0f760)
  2024-02-26 21:22:26.405 3858-3900 Gralloc3 com...gle.firebase.example.fireeats W mapper 3.x is not supported
  2024-02-26 21:22:26.406 3858-3900 HostConnection com...gle.firebase.example.fireeats D createUnique: call
  2024-02-26 21:22:26.406 3858-3900 HostConnection com...gle.firebase.example.fireeats D HostConnection::get() New Host Connection established 0xd9c56410, tid 3900
  2024-02-26 21:22:26.407 3858-3900 HostConnection com...gle.firebase.example.fireeats D HostComposition ext ANDROID_EMU_CHECKSUM_HELPER_v1 ANDROID_EMU_dma_v1 ANDROID_EMU_direct_mem ANDROID_EMU_host_composition_v1 ANDROID_EMU_host_composition_v2 ANDROID_EMU_vulkan ANDROID_EMU_deferred_vulkan_commands ANDROID_EMU_vulkan_null_optional_strings ANDROID_EMU_vulkan_create_resources_with_requirements ANDROID_EMU_YUV_Cache ANDROID_EMU_vulkan_ignored_handles ANDROID_EMU_vulkan_free_memory_sync ANDROID_EMU_vulkan_shader_float16_int8 ANDROID_EMU_vulkan_async_queue_submit ANDROID_EMU_sync_buffer_data GL_OES_vertex_array_object GL_KHR_texture_compression_astc_ldr ANDROID_EMU_host_side_tracing ANDROID_EMU_gles_max_version_2
  2024-02-26 21:22:26.408 3858-3900 eglCodecCommon com...gle.firebase.example.fireeats D allocate: Ask for block of size 0x1000
  2024-02-26 21:22:26.408 3858-3900 eglCodecCommon com...gle.firebase.example.fireeats D allocate: ioctl allocate returned offset 0x3fe0a4000 size 0x2000
  2024-02-26 21:22:26.431 3858-3900 EGL_emulation com...gle.firebase.example.fireeats D eglMakeCurrent: 0xd9c1a1e0: ver 2 0 (tinfo 0xd9c0f760)
  2024-02-26 21:22:26.477 3858-3900 OpenGLRenderer com...gle.firebase.example.fireeats I Davey! duration=722ms; Flags=1, IntendedVsync=201716567812486, Vsync=201717117812464, OldestInputEvent=9223372036854775807, NewestInputEvent=0, HandleInputStart=201717129780200, AnimationStart=201717129821500, PerformTraversalsStart=201717130112000, DrawStart=201717242406100, SyncQueued=201717244505300, SyncStart=201717262126900, IssueDrawCommandsStart=201717262235500, SwapBuffers=201717303333100, FrameCompleted=201717308256900, DequeueBufferDuration=36000, QueueBufferDuration=112000,
  2024-02-26 21:22:26.521 3858-3858 ActivityThread com...gle.firebase.example.fireeats W handleWindowVisibility: no activity for token android.os.BinderProxy@ef5c25e
  2024-02-26 21:22:26.562 3858-3858 AndroidRuntime com...gle.firebase.example.fireeats D Shutting down VM
  2024-02-26 21:22:26.562 3858-3858 AndroidRuntime com...gle.firebase.example.fireeats E FATAL EXCEPTION: main
  Process: com.google.firebase.example.fireeats, PID: 3858
  java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Failed resolution of: Lcom/google/android/gms/auth/api/credentials/CredentialsOptions$Builder;
  at com.firebase.ui.auth.util.GoogleApiUtils.getCredentialsClient(GoogleApiUtils.java:29)
  at com.firebase.ui.auth.viewmodel.AuthViewModelBase.onCreate(AuthViewModelBase.java:30)
  at com.firebase.ui.auth.viewmodel.ViewModelBase.init(ViewModelBase.java:24)
  at com.firebase.ui.auth.KickoffActivity.onCreate(KickoffActivity.java:38)
  at android.app.Activity.performCreate(Activity.java:7802)
  at android.app.Activity.performCreate(Activity.java:7791)
  at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1299)
  at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:3245)
  at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:3409)
  at android.app.servertransaction.LaunchActivityItem.execute(LaunchActivityItem.java:83)
  at android.app.servertransaction.TransactionExecutor.executeCallbacks(TransactionExecutor.java:135)
  at android.app.servertransaction.TransactionExecutor.execute(TransactionExecutor.java:95)
  at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:2016)
  at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:107)
  at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:214)
  at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:7356)
  at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
  at com.android.internal.os.RuntimeInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(RuntimeInit.java:492)
  at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:930)
  Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: Didn't find class "com.google.android.gms.auth.api.credentials.CredentialsOptions$Builder" on path: DexPathList[[zip file "/data/app/com.google.firebase.example.fireeats-DP85ZDU3x4C6liKNVnCw0Q==/base.apk"],nativeLibraryDirectories=[/data/app/com.google.firebase.example.fireeats-DP85ZDU3x4C6liKNVnCw0Q==/lib/x86, /system/lib, /system/product/lib]]
  at dalvik.system.BaseDexClassLoader.findClass(BaseDexClassLoader.java:196)
  at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:379)
  at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:312)
  at com.firebase.ui.auth.util.GoogleApiUtils.getCredentialsClient(GoogleApiUtils.java:29) 
  at com.firebase.ui.auth.viewmodel.AuthViewModelBase.onCreate(AuthViewModelBase.java:30) 
  at com.firebase.ui.auth.viewmodel.ViewModelBase.init(ViewModelBase.java:24) 
  at com.firebase.ui.auth.KickoffActivity.onCreate(KickoffActivity.java:38) 
  at android.app.Activity.performCreate(Activity.java:7802) 
  at android.app.Activity.performCreate(Activity.java:7791) 
  at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1299) 
  at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:3245) 
  at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:3409) 
  at android.app.servertransaction.LaunchActivityItem.execute(LaunchActivityItem.java:83) 
  at android.app.servertransaction.TransactionExecutor.executeCallbacks(TransactionExecutor.java:135) 
  at android.app.servertransaction.TransactionExecutor.execute(TransactionExecutor.java:95) 
  at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:2016) 
  at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:107) 
  at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:214) 
  at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:7356) 
  at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method) 
  at com.android.internal.os.RuntimeInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(RuntimeInit.java:492) 
  at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:930) 

Expected Results:

• What did you expect to happen?
• I expected the app to prompt me to log in for authentication.

Relevant Code:

Unknown