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FCM: send()/sendEachForMulticast() with `fid` return NotRegistered for a FID that Console delivers to at the same moment

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@Doris-Ge 已经在做这个了。

开始于 2026年10月21日。

评估

难度
4/5
预计耗时
3-5 天
新手友好度
22/100
Issue 类型
缺陷
描述清晰度
基本清楚
活跃度
活跃
技术栈
nodejs, typescript
领域
backend

调研方向

The failing calls are Messaging.send() with fid and Messaging.sendEachForMulticast() with fids, both returning messaging/installation-id-not-registered with a 404. Start by reproducing with a FID from a fresh client register() call, then compare results under the emulator's user credentials and under a deployed function's service account, since the reporter has not yet tested the latter. Done means either a credential-identity explanation confirmed by the reporter or a reproducible SDK-side cause with a fix.

由索引模型根据 Issue 内容生成。

描述

api: messaging
[READ] Step 1: Are you in the right place?

Yes — this is about the code in firebase-admin-node itself (Messaging.send() / Messaging.sendEachForMulticast() FID targeting).

[REQUIRED] Step 2: Describe your environment
  • Operating System version: Ubuntu 24.04.4 LTS (WSL2, kernel 6.6.114.1-microsoft-standard-WSL2)
  • Firebase SDK version: firebase-admin 14.5.0 (also reproduces on ^14.4.0); client-side firebase 12.19.0 / @firebase/messaging 0.13.3
  • Firebase Product: Cloud Messaging (FCM) — Firebase Installation ID (FID) targeting
  • Node.js version: 22.23.x
  • NPM version: 10.8.2 (package management via pnpm workspaces; npm version given for reference)
[REQUIRED] Step 3: Describe the problem
Steps to reproduce:
  1. Client registers for push notifications using the new FID-based API: register(messaging, { vapidKey, serviceWorkerRegistration }) from firebase/messaging.
    onRegistered fires with FID ceewOt8IieuDcWg1YUkduN.
  2. In the Firebase Console → Cloud Messaging → Compose notification → Send test message, the same FID is pasted into "Firebase Installation ID or FCM registration
    token". Delivery succeeds.
  3. From a Node backend using firebase-admin, both of the following are called for the same FID and both fail: 
    await getMessaging().send({
  fid: 'ceewOt8IieuDcWg1YUkduN',
  notification: { title, body },
});
// and
await getMessaging().sendEachForMulticast({
  fids: ['ceewOt8IieuDcWg1YUkduN'],
  notification: { title, body },
});
    Both reject / return success: false with a NotRegistered error (see Relevant Code for the full error object).
  4. Immediately after step 3's failure (within the same minute), repeating step 2 (Console test send) with the identical FID succeeds again.

This rules out:

  • Propagation delay (Console succeeds within the same minute as the failed Admin SDK calls, both before and after).
  • A multicast-specific bug (reproduces identically on both send() and sendEachForMulticast()).
  • Project/config mismatch (firebase use confirms the same project, refpro-app-staging, as the client's VITE_FIREBASE_PROJECT_ID).

Note: this reproduction was observed while running the backend via the Firebase Functions emulator (firebase emulators:start --only functions), authenticated
via a firebase login user session (no GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS / gcloud ADC configured locally) rather than a deployed function's service account.
Re-testing against a real deployed Cloud Function (with its actual runtime service account) is still pending on our side — flagging this in case the discrepancy turns
out to be credential-identity-related rather than an SDK bug; will update this issue once confirmed either way.

Possibly related: #2970 reports Console succeeding while Admin SDK's sendEachForMulticast() fails with a 404, but with a different error shape (raw HTML, not a
structured NotRegistered error) and using legacy tokens rather than FIDs — closed by the reporter without explanation, so inconclusive whether it's the same root
cause.

Relevant Code:
import { getMessaging } from 'firebase-admin/messaging';

const response = await getMessaging().sendEachForMulticast({
  fids: ['ceewOt8IieuDcWg1YUkduN'],
  notification: { title: 'Test', body: 'Test' },
});
// response.responses[0] => { success: false, error: FirebaseMessagingError }

FirebaseMessagingError: NotRegistered
  code: 'messaging/installation-id-not-registered',
  cause: RequestResponseError: Server responded with status 404.
  httpResponse: { status: 404, ... }
  codePrefix: 'messaging'
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环境准备

从这里开始

  1. 先读完整个 Issue，再读项目的贡献指南。
  2. 在 Issue 下留言说明你要接手 —— 这能避免两个人做同样的事。
  3. Fork 仓库，在一个分支上完成修改。
  4. 提交 Pull Request，并在描述里引用这个 Issue 编号。

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