NullPointerException in ApiServlet.skip2FAcheckForUser for SAML SSO sessions when 2FA is not enabled

從 ApiServlet.java:512 和 SAML2LoginAPIAuthenticatorCmd 中的 SAML 登入路徑開始，比較標準使用者名稱/密碼路徑設定 IS_2FA_VERIFIED 的方式。重現舊 SAML 工作階段情境，並驗證 API 會傳回有效回應且不會發生 NullPointerException，同時 UI 不再呈現空白。

problem

ApiServlet.skip2FAcheckForUser(HttpSession) unboxes the IS_2FA_VERIFIED session attribute without a null check (ApiServlet.java:512):

boolean is2FAverified = (boolean) session.getAttribute(ApiConstants.IS_2FA_VERIFIED);

For sessions established via SAML SSO, this attribute is never set on the HttpSession. getAttribute returns null, unboxing to boolean throws a NullPointerException, and the API response write aborts with an empty 200 body. The UI then fails at permission.js (GenerateRoutes) and renders a blank page. This happens even though 2FA is not enabled anywhere in the environment.

Server-side error:

ERROR [c.c.a.ApiServlet] unknown exception writing api response
java.lang.NullPointerException: Cannot invoke "java.lang.Boolean.booleanValue()"
because the return value of "javax.servlet.http.HttpSession.getAttribute(String)" is null
at com.cloud.api.ApiServlet.skip2FAcheckForUser(ApiServlet.java:512)
at com.cloud.api.ApiServlet.processRequestInContext(ApiServlet.java:362)
at com.cloud.api.ApiServlet$1.run(ApiServlet.java:194)

versions

CloudStack: 4.22.1.0
Config: saml2.enabled=true; two-factor authentication NOT enabled (no enable.2fa configuration present)
IdP: Microsoft Entra ID (SAML 2.0)
OS: EL8.10
DB: MariaDB 10.5
Management server behind Apache httpd reverse proxy (443 -> 8443)

The steps to reproduce the bug

1. Configure SAML SSO (saml2.enabled=true), with 2FA NOT enabled.
2. Log in as a SAML user via SSO.
3. Continue using the session until an API call reaches skip2FAcheckForUser (e.g. listUsers during UI bootstrap on a session that has aged).
4. The API returns an empty 200 body; the UI renders a blank page.

Expected: SAML sessions without 2FA proceed normally and the API returns a valid response.
Actual: NullPointerException at ApiServlet.java:512, empty response, blank UI.

What to do about it?

Suggested fix:

• Null-safe read at ApiServlet.java:512, e.g.:
  boolean is2FAverified = Boolean.TRUE.equals(session.getAttribute(ApiConstants.IS_2FA_VERIFIED));
• Additionally, set IS_2FA_VERIFIED on the session in the SAML login path (SAML2LoginAPIAuthenticatorCmd) as the standard username/password login path does, so SAML sessions carry the attribute.

Workaround for operators:

• Delete the JSESSIONID cookie and re-authenticate via SSO to establish a fresh session (confirmed working).