Make string-cache compatible with Strict Provenance

まず、リンクされている fix-aliasing ブランチと Strict Provenance レポートを確認し、次に string-cache-codegen での Atom の使用箇所と、interface/tree_builder.rs:89 からたどれる generated.rs:3381 に示された生成パターンを調べます。完了条件は、Atom の niche を維持しながらポインタのラウンドトリップを避け、報告された provenance の制約下で macro_rules! パターンをコンパイルできることです。

Original title: Status of provenance/aliasing issues detected by Miri

Hi, I wish I were being helpful here but I'm just reporting the status of some hackery I've done. (hours wasted here, etc)

This is one of the most-downloaded crates that roundtrips pointer values through integers. I'm looking into most such crates to understand if it's possible to rewrite such roundtrips or if there's something better that can be done to support what libraries want to do.

For this crate, I do not think that it is possible to patch out the roundtrips, but the problem isn't the round-tripping. This crate wants to store pointers inside Atom, and to do that in a well-defined way we need a type which is capable of storing provenance and also plain old bytes, so we could use a raw pointer type or MaybeUninit. But we want to uphold the niche which it currently has, so the only type which is eligible is NonNull. But putting NonNull in that field breaks string-cache-codegen, because it puts Atom in a macro_rules! pattern:

error: to use a constant of type `std::ptr::NonNull` in a pattern, `std::ptr::NonNull` must be annotated with `#[derive(PartialEq, Eq)]`
    --> /tmp/markup5ever-0.11.0/target/miri/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/debug/build/markup5ever-85445da718f099e3/out/generated.rs:3381:39
     |
3381 | ...html") => { $ crate :: ATOM_NAMESPACE__68_74_74_70_3A_2F_2F_77_77_77_2E_77_33_2E_6F_72_67_2F_31_39_39_39_2F_78_68_74_6D_6C } ;
     |                ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
     |
    ::: interface/tree_builder.rs:89:9
     |
89   |         expanded_name!(html "template") => flags.template = true,
     |         ------------------------------- in this macro invocation
     |
     = note: this error originates in the macro `namespace_url` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)

I've put up the changes that would remove the ptr-int-ptr roundtrips (as well as some aliasing issues with Box that current SB has) in a branch in case anyone is interested: https://github.com/servo/string-cache/compare/master...saethlin:fix-aliasing