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Feature Request: General λ-connected (lambda-connected) segmentation (beyond flood_fill())

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評価

難易度
5/5
見積もり時間
1週間以上
初心者へのやさしさ
25/100
issue の種類
機能追加
明瞭さ
説明が足りない
活発さ
活発
技術スタック
python
領域
computer-vision

調査の方向性

まず、既存の cv2.floodFill() と skimage flood/flood_fill() のインターフェースを確認し、このセグメンテーション機能を opencv-python のパッケージングリポジトリに実装すべきか、OpenCV upstream に実装すべきかを判断します。lambda-connected API と実装範囲について合意し、既存の flood-fill の動作を置き換えずに提案されたブールマスクを返すことを検証できれば完了です。

索引モデルが issue の本文から書いたものです。

説明

Title: Feature Request: General λ-connected (lambda-connected) segmentation

Summary

Both cv2.floodFill() and skimage.segmentation.flood()/flood_fill() implement region-growing using a purely local, pairwise similarity rule — a pixel is added if it differs from an already-included neighbor by less than a fixed tolerance. This is fast and simple, but it inherits a well-known weakness: gradient leakage. A smooth intensity gradient can chain together pixels that are locally similar at every step but globally very different, causing the region to "leak" past intended boundaries.

Proposed addition

Implement λ-connected segmentation, a formal generalization of region-growing based on fuzzy connectedness theory. Instead of a local pairwise test, connectivity between two pixels is defined by the strongest path between them — specifically, the maximum over all paths of the minimum pairwise similarity along that path (a max-min / bottleneck-path formulation). Two pixels are λ-connected if this path strength is ≥ λ.

Why this is a natural fit

• It's a strict generalization: setting λ's degree function to a simple local threshold and ignoring the path constraint collapses back to today's flood_fill() behavior — so it wouldn't replace existing functionality, only extend it.

• It directly addresses flood-fill's most common failure mode (leakage through gradients) without requiring users to switch to a heavier method like GrabCut or a full DL segmentation model.

• Efficient implementation is well understood: this is equivalent to a maximum-capacity/bottleneck shortest-path problem, solvable with a Dijkstra-like or Kruskal-like (max-spanning-forest) approach in effectively linear-ish time for practical image sizes — no need for iterative PDE solvers.

• It would sit naturally alongside existing skimage.segmentation tools (flood, watershed, random_walker, chan_vese) as another region-growing option, giving users a controlled way to compare "naive" vs. "leak-resistant" region growing on the same image.

• Related lambda-connectedness methods already have precedent in imaging toolkits (e.g., Leadtools lambda-connectedness segmentation), so this isn't an unprecedented ask — it would bring scikit-image/OpenCV's region-growing toolbox to parity with a well-established technique in medical/scientific imaging.

python
cv2.segmentation.lambda_connected(image, seed, lam, connectivity=1, degree_func='intensity_diff')

Returns a boolean mask, mirroring flood()'s existing interface for easy comparison in the same script.

References
• L. Chen, Cheng, H.D. and Zhang, J., 1994. Fuzzy subfiber and its application to seismic lithology classification. Information Sciences-Applications, 1(2), pp.77-95.
• L. Chen, "The lambda-connected segmentation and the optimal algorithm for split-and-merge segmentation," Chinese J. Computers, Vol. 14, pp. 321–331, 1991.

主要言語
Python
スター
5.4k
フォーク
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