Update the C-like style check to an ARM-compatible clang-format version

Summary

Update the C-like coding-style check to use a newer clang-format version on the Ubuntu 24.04 ARM runner.

The current workflow configures DoozyX/clang-format-lint-action with clangFormatVersion: 14. Version 14 was selected for Ubuntu 22.04 LTS. The job now uses ubuntu-24.04-arm.

Rationale

The Docker action copies bundled clang-format executables into its image. The ARM runner cannot rely on a bundled executable unless that executable supports ARM64.

Ubuntu 24.04 provides an ARM64-native clang-format-18 package. This is a newer supported version and is an ARM-compatible path for the workflow.

Affected area

• .github/workflows/coding-style-check.yml
• check-c-like-style job

Required changes

Replace or adapt the formatter invocation so that the ARM job installs and uses the Ubuntu 24.04 ARM64 clang-format-18 package. Do not depend on an architecture-specific formatter binary from the current action unless ARM64 support is verified.

Review and apply any formatting changes that version 18 requires.

Acceptance criteria

• The C-like style job runs successfully on ubuntu-24.04-arm.
• The job uses clang-format version 18 or another explicitly verified newer ARM64-compatible version.
• The job checks .cpp, .h, and .mm files with the existing repository style configuration.
• Required formatting updates are included or tracked before the version change is enabled.

Research

Ubuntu's package index lists clang-format-18 for Ubuntu 24.04 (noble) on arm64.

• https://packages.ubuntu.com/clang-format
• https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/noble/arm64/clang-format/1:18.0-59~exp2

Backlinks

• Requested by @ann0see in https://github.com/jamulussoftware/jamulus/pull/3954#issuecomment-5679589906
• Related PR: https://github.com/jamulussoftware/jamulus/pull/3954