pure-toplevel-functions marks the IIFE Babel emits for self-referencing static fields as PURE → Injector.ɵprov dropped, NG0201 (webpack builder, targets below Chrome 94)

@angular-devkit/build-angular/src/tools/babel/presets/application.js と JavaScriptOptimizerPlugin から始め、次に chrome 80 の設定で repro.cjs を実行します。最適化された出力が Injector.ɵprov を保持し、webpack-builder の完全な再現が NG0201 なしで起動すれば完了です。

Command

build, serve

Is this a regression?

• Yes, this behavior used to work in the previous version

The previous version in which this bug was not present was

Same family as #29145 (Angular 19). #29250 fixed the _defineProperty(...) call shape, but the IIFE wrapper that Babel emits for self-referencing static fields is still annotated as pure.

Description

With the webpack builder (@angular-devkit/build-angular:browser), optimization: true / buildOptimizer: true and a browserslist that requires lowering class static blocks (any target below Chrome 94, e.g. chrome >= 80, Smart TV engines), the application fails at bootstrap with NG0201 because Injector.ɵprov (and __NG_ELEMENT_ID__) no longer exist on Injector from @angular/core.

Chain:

1. @babel/preset-env for such targets lowers class fields (class-static-block lowering pulls in transform-class-properties). Static fields that reference their own class (static ɵprov = ɵɵdefineInjectable({ token: Injector, ... })) are emitted as a zero-argument IIFE:

   _Injector = Injector;
   (() => {
     _defineProperty(_Injector, "ɵprov", ɵɵdefineInjectable({ token: _Injector, ... }));
     _defineProperty(_Injector, "__NG_ELEMENT_ID__", -1);
   })();
   

   For targets that only need private methods lowered (Chrome 84–93) the same code appears as a _staticBlock() helper call.
2. pure-toplevel-functions (running in the non-safe mode used for @angular/* packages) skips IIFEs only when they have arguments (path.node.arguments.length !== 0) and does not know the _staticBlock helper name, so the wrapper gets /*#__PURE__*/.
3. esbuild in JavaScriptOptimizerPlugin drops the annotated, unused call. Injector.ɵprov is gone → NG0201 at bootstrap.

#29250 added an exemption for direct _defineProperty(...) calls, which covers the non-self-referencing fields (THROW_IF_NOT_FOUND, NULL) but not the IIFE that Babel wraps around self-referencing ones.

Minimal Reproduction

Standalone script (run inside a project with @angular-devkit/build-angular installed; it uses the real application Babel preset with the options the webpack loader passes for @angular/* packages):

// repro.cjs
const { transformSync } = require('@babel/core');
const esbuild = require('esbuild');
const preset = require('@angular-devkit/build-angular/src/tools/babel/presets/application.js').default;
const src = `
export class Injector {
  static THROW_IF_NOT_FOUND = THROW_IF_NOT_FOUND;
  static NULL = new NullInjector();
  static create(options, parent) { return createInjector(options, parent); }
  static ɵprov = /* @__PURE__ */ ɵɵdefineInjectable({ token: Injector, providedIn: 'any', factory: () => ɵɵinject(INJECTOR) });
  static __NG_ELEMENT_ID__ = -1;
}`;
const lowered = transformSync(src, {
  configFile: false, babelrc: false, sourceType: 'module', compact: false,
  filename: '/x/node_modules/@angular/core/fesm2022/core.mjs',
  presets: [[preset, { supportedBrowsers: ['chrome 80'], forceAsyncTransformation: false, optimize: { topLevelSafeMode: false, wrapDecorators: true } }]],
}).code;
console.log(lowered);
const out = esbuild.transformSync(lowered, { treeShaking: true, format: 'esm', target: 'chrome80', charset: 'utf8' });
console.log(out.code);
console.log(/ɵprov/.test(out.code) ? 'OK: Injector.ɵprov kept' : 'BUG: Injector.ɵprov dropped');

Output after the preset (note the /*#__PURE__*/ on the IIFE):

_Injector = Injector;
_defineProperty(Injector, "THROW_IF_NOT_FOUND", THROW_IF_NOT_FOUND);
_defineProperty(Injector, "NULL", /*#__PURE__*/new NullInjector());
/*#__PURE__*/(() => {
  _defineProperty(_Injector, "ɵprov", /* @__PURE__ */ɵɵdefineInjectable({ token: _Injector, providedIn: 'any', factory: () => ɵɵinject(INJECTOR) }));
  _defineProperty(_Injector, "__NG_ELEMENT_ID__", -1);
})();

After esbuild the IIFE is gone: BUG: Injector.ɵprov dropped.

Full-app steps: ng new, switch to @angular-devkit/build-angular:browser, .browserslistrc = chrome >= 80, optimization: true, buildOptimizer: true, ng build, open the app → NG0201 at bootstrap.

Exception or Error

NG0201 at bootstrap: no provider for Injector (Injector.ɵprov was removed from the bundle); the app stays on the splash screen.

Your Environment

Angular CLI: 22.0.9 (@angular/build 22.0.9 nested under @angular-devkit/build-angular); the plugin source is unchanged in @angular/build 22.1.7
Angular: 22.1.0
@babel/core / @babel/preset-env: 7.29.7
esbuild: 0.19.9
Node: 22.23.1
OS: darwin

Anything else relevant?

A minimal fix that works for us (applied via patch-package): never annotate IIFEs regardless of argument count, and treat _staticBlock/_staticBlock2… as Babel helper names. Class wrappers that are safe to drop are already annotated by adjust-static-class-members, so tree-shaking is unaffected in practice (main bundle +0.06% in our legacy build).

 function isBabelHelperName(name) {
-    return babelHelpers.has(name);
+    return babelHelpers.has(name) || /^_staticBlock\d*$/.test(name);
 }
 ...
                 const callee = path.get('callee');
-                if ((callee.isFunctionExpression() || callee.isArrowFunctionExpression()) &&
-                    path.node.arguments.length !== 0) {
+                if (callee.isFunctionExpression() || callee.isArrowFunctionExpression()) {
                     return;
                 }

Since #33751 moved these plugins into @angular-devkit/build-angular, the fix would land there for 22.2. Happy to send a PR.