Bazel crash when repository cache path cannot be created

Description of the bug:

Due to a misconfiguration, my repo got into a state where this flag is set --repository_cache=<some_path_cannot_be_created> in my bazelrc. Running Bazel with such a config caused this crash to happen.

FATAL: bazel crashed due to an internal error. Printing stack trace:
java.lang.RuntimeException: Unrecoverable error while evaluating node 'REPOSITORY_DIRECTORY:@@rules_pkg' (requested by nodes 'PACKAGE_LOOKUP:@@rules_pkg//')
        at com.google.devtools.build.skyframe.AbstractParallelEvaluator$Evaluate.run(AbstractParallelEvaluator.java:550)
        at com.google.devtools.build.lib.concurrent.AbstractQueueVisitor$WrappedRunnable.run(AbstractQueueVisitor.java:414)
        at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinTask$AdaptedRunnableAction.exec(Unknown Source)
        at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinTask.doExec(Unknown Source)
        at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool$WorkQueue.topLevelExec(Unknown Source)
        at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool.scan(Unknown Source)
        at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool.runWorker(Unknown Source)
        at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinWorkerThread.run(Unknown Source)
Caused by: net.starlark.java.eval.Starlark$UncheckedEvalException: UnsupportedOperationException thrown during Starlark evaluation (LOADING)
        at <starlark>.download_and_extract(<builtin>:0)
        at <starlark>._http_archive_impl(/private/var/tmp/_bazel_sluongng/0fd4abe8e9728bd678b1511337808ad4/external/bazel_tools/tools/build_defs/repo/http.bzl:145)
Caused by: java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException: /home/runner/repo-cache/content_addressable/sha256 (Operation not supported)
        at com.google.devtools.build.lib.unix.NativePosixFiles.mkdirs(Native Method)
        at com.google.devtools.build.lib.unix.UnixFileSystem.createDirectoryAndParents(UnixFileSystem.java:360)
        at com.google.devtools.build.lib.vfs.Path.createDirectoryAndParents(Path.java:460)
        at com.google.devtools.build.lib.bazel.repository.cache.RepositoryCache.ensureCacheDirectoryExists(RepositoryCache.java:273)
        at com.google.devtools.build.lib.bazel.repository.cache.RepositoryCache.put(RepositoryCache.java:230)
        at com.google.devtools.build.lib.bazel.repository.downloader.DownloadManager.download(DownloadManager.java:279)
        at com.google.devtools.build.lib.bazel.repository.starlark.StarlarkBaseExternalContext.downloadAndExtract(StarlarkBaseExternalContext.java:685)
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DirectMethodHandleAccessor.invoke(Unknown Source)
        at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)
        at net.starlark.java.eval.MethodDescriptor.call(MethodDescriptor.java:162)
        at net.starlark.java.eval.BuiltinFunction.fastcall(BuiltinFunction.java:78)
        at net.starlark.java.eval.Starlark.fastcall(Starlark.java:806)
        at net.starlark.java.eval.Eval.evalCall(Eval.java:682)
        at net.starlark.java.eval.Eval.eval(Eval.java:497)
        at net.starlark.java.eval.Eval.execAssignment(Eval.java:109)
        at net.starlark.java.eval.Eval.exec(Eval.java:268)
        at net.starlark.java.eval.Eval.execStatements(Eval.java:82)
        at net.starlark.java.eval.Eval.execFunctionBody(Eval.java:66)
        at net.starlark.java.eval.StarlarkFunction.fastcall(StarlarkFunction.java:179)
        at net.starlark.java.eval.Starlark.fastcall(Starlark.java:806)
        at net.starlark.java.eval.Starlark.call(Starlark.java:772)
        at com.google.devtools.build.lib.bazel.repository.starlark.StarlarkRepositoryFunction.fetchInternal(StarlarkRepositoryFunction.java:289)
        at com.google.devtools.build.lib.bazel.repository.starlark.StarlarkRepositoryFunction.fetch(StarlarkRepositoryFunction.java:145)
        at com.google.devtools.build.lib.rules.repository.RepositoryDelegatorFunction.fetchRepository(RepositoryDelegatorFunction.java:294)
        at com.google.devtools.build.lib.rules.repository.RepositoryDelegatorFunction.compute(RepositoryDelegatorFunction.java:194)
        at com.google.devtools.build.skyframe.AbstractParallelEvaluator$Evaluate.run(AbstractParallelEvaluator.java:461)
        at com.google.devtools.build.lib.concurrent.AbstractQueueVisitor$WrappedRunnable.run(AbstractQueueVisitor.java:414)
        at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinTask$AdaptedRunnableAction.exec(Unknown Source)
        at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinTask.doExec(Unknown Source)
        at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool$WorkQueue.topLevelExec(Unknown Source)
        at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool.scan(Unknown Source)
        at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool.runWorker(Unknown Source)
        at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinWorkerThread.run(Unknown Source)
exit 37

Which category does this issue belong to?

External Dependency

What's the simplest, easiest way to reproduce this bug? Please provide a minimal example if possible.

Build on MacOS and set the repository cache to an uncreatable path

Which operating system are you running Bazel on?

MacOS Sonoma 14.2

What is the output of bazel info release?

release 6.4.0

If bazel info release returns development version or (@non-git), tell us how you built Bazel.

No response

What's the output of git remote get-url origin; git rev-parse master; git rev-parse HEAD ?

Irrelevant

Is this a regression? If yes, please try to identify the Bazel commit where the bug was introduced.

Most likely not

Have you found anything relevant by searching the web?

No response

Any other information, logs, or outputs that you want to share?

This seems like an unhandled exception.

The code is expecting IOException but java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException is RuntimeException.