Replace `go.uber.go/atomic` with Go standard library `sync/atomic`

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Description

Summary

We currently have a linter rule that blocks usage of sync/atomic and forces us to use go.uber.go/atomic instead. This rule was originally added because sync/atomic required atomic operations on primitive types, which was considered error-prone.

However, since Go 1.19, the standard library sync/atomic package now includes typed wrappers (e.g., atomic.Uint32, atomic.Int64, atomic.Bool, etc.) that provide the same safety guarantees as go.uber.go/atomic. This makes the uber package redundant.

Context

Prometheus is also making this transition:

Proposed Changes

Remove the linter rule that blocks sync/atomic
Migrate all go.uber.go/atomic usage to the standard library sync/atomic typed wrappers
Configure a linter rule to block the old-style atomic functions that operate on primitive types (e.g., atomic.AddInt64, atomic.LoadUint32) to ensure we only use the new typed wrappers and avoid accidental misuse

This approach gives us:

Fewer external dependencies
Alignment with the broader Go ecosystem
Same safety guarantees we had with uber/atomic

References

Go 1.19 release notes on atomic types: https://tip.golang.org/doc/go1.19#atomic_types
sync/atomic package docs: https://pkg.go.dev/sync/atomic

Guia do colaborador

Direção de pesquisa: Pesquise por todas as importações e usos de 'go.uber.org/atomic' no código e substitua cada um pelo wrapper tipado correspondente do 'sync/atomic' (por exemplo, atomic.Int64, atomic.Uint32). Certifique se de atualizar a regra do linter adequadamente.
Pilha de tecnologia: go
Domain: backend
Tipo Issue: Refatoração
Difficulty: 3
Tempo estimado: 1-2 dias
Status da atividade: Ativo
Clarity: Claro
Prerequisites: Go
Simpatia para novatos: 65