Docket.DotNet Build Image has undocumented limitations

Start at BuildImageFromDockerfileAsync and compare its behavior with the Dockerfile using COPY --chmod and the Docker CLI. Review the linked BuildKit documentation and the reported Docker API response. Done means clearly documenting the BuildKit limitation and the conditions required for this Dockerfile feature.

Output of dotnet --info:

.NET SDK:
 Version:   7.0.101
 Commit:    bb24aafa11

Runtime Environment:
 OS Name:     Windows
 OS Version:  10.0.19044
 OS Platform: Windows
 RID:         win10-x64
 Base Path:   C:\Program Files\dotnet\sdk\7.0.101\

Host:
  Version:      7.0.1
  Architecture: x64
  Commit:       97203d38ba

.NET SDKs installed:
  6.0.100 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\sdk]
  7.0.101 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\sdk]

.NET runtimes installed:
  Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 3.1.32 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.AspNetCore.App]
  Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 5.0.17 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.AspNetCore.App]
  Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 6.0.0 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.AspNetCore.App]
  Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 6.0.12 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.AspNetCore.App]
  Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 7.0.1 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.AspNetCore.App]
  Microsoft.NETCore.App 3.1.32 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.NETCore.App]
  Microsoft.NETCore.App 5.0.17 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.NETCore.App]
  Microsoft.NETCore.App 6.0.0 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.NETCore.App]
  Microsoft.NETCore.App 6.0.12 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.NETCore.App]
  Microsoft.NETCore.App 7.0.1 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.NETCore.App]
  Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App 3.1.32 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App]
  Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App 5.0.17 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App]
  Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App 6.0.0 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App]
  Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App 6.0.12 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App]
  Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App 7.0.1 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App]

Other architectures found:
  x86   [C:\Program Files (x86)\dotnet]
    registered at [HKLM\SOFTWARE\dotnet\Setup\InstalledVersions\x86\InstallLocation]

Environment variables:
  Not set

global.json file:
  Not found

Learn more:
  https://aka.ms/dotnet/info

Download .NET:
  https://aka.ms/dotnet/download

What version of Docker.DotNet?:

3.125.14

Steps to reproduce the issue:
Dockerfile

FROM debian
WORKDIR /data
COPY --chmod=+x . /data

Code (ConsoleApp calling BuildImageFromDockerfileAsync)

using Docker.DotNet;
using Docker.DotNet.Models;
using System.Text;
using ICSharpCode.SharpZipLib.Tar;

using var client = new DockerClientConfiguration(new Uri("npipe://./pipe/docker_engine"))
    .CreateClient();

await BuildDockerImage(client, ".");

static async Task BuildDockerImage(DockerClient client, string dockerFileDirectory)
{
    // Create an ImageBuildParameters object
    var buildParameters = new ImageBuildParameters
    {
        Dockerfile = "Dockerfile",
        Remove = true, // Remove intermediate containers after a successful build
        Tags = new[] { "yourimagename:tag" }, // Set your image name and tag
        ForceRemove = true, // Always remove intermediate containers, even upon failure
        NoCache = true // Do not use the cache when building the image,
    };

    // Read the dockerfile content
    var dockerFileContent = File.ReadAllText(Path.Combine(dockerFileDirectory, buildParameters.Dockerfile));

    // Create a tarball with the Dockerfile
    var tarball = new FileStream("new.tar", FileMode.Create);
    await using (var tarArchive = new TarOutputStream(tarball))
    {
        var tarEntry = TarEntry.CreateTarEntry("Dockerfile");
        var fileBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(dockerFileContent);
        tarEntry.Size = fileBytes.Length;
        tarArchive.PutNextEntry(tarEntry);
        tarArchive.Write(fileBytes, 0, fileBytes.Length);
        tarArchive.CloseEntry();
    }

    tarball = new FileStream("new.tar", FileMode.Open);

    // Build the image
    await using (var responseStream = await client.Images.BuildImageFromDockerfileAsync(tarball, buildParameters))
    {
        // Read the response from the Docker API
        using var reader = new StreamReader(responseStream);
        while (!reader.EndOfStream)
        {
            var line = await reader.ReadLineAsync();
            Console.WriteLine(line);
        }
    }
}

What actually happened?:

{"errorDetail":{"message":"the --chmod option requires BuildKit. Refer to https://docs.docker.com/go/buildkit/ to learn how to build images with BuildKit enabled"},"error":"the --chmod option requires BuildKit. Refer to https://docs.docker.com/go/buildkit/ to learn how to build images with BuildKit enabled"}

What did you expect to happen?:
Image is created equivalent to doing docker build on the command line.

Additional information:
https://github.com/moby/moby/issues/41711#issuecomment-733281140